TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Vectobac 12 AS on Some Biological Parameters of the Malaria Vector <I>Anopheles superpictus</I>
AU - , F.M. Simsek AU - , M.M. Akiner AU - , S.S. Caglar 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 8
IS  - 7
SP  - 1326
EP  - 1331
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2009.1326.1331
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2009.1326.1331
KW  - Bacillus thuringiensis var. israilensis
KW  -vectobac
KW  -Anopheles superpictus
KW  -sublethal dose effects
KW  -gross reproductive rate
KW  -net reproductive rate
KW  -generation time
AB  - The effects of sublethal concentrations of <I>B.t.i</I>. (Vectobac 12 AS, LC<SUB>20</SUB> = 0.15 and LC<SUB>70</SUB> = 0.76 mL m<SUP>-2</SUP>) on life parameters of <I>Anopheles superpictus</I> were assessed in the laboratory for 3 generations. According to the data, sex ratios were affected by exposure to sublethal doses of <I>B.t.i</I>. Developmental time was prolonged significantly in groups treated with LC<SUB>70</SUB>, while, LC<SUB>20</SUB> had no effect. Pre-oviposition periods were not affected by sublethal concentrations. Oviposition period in the LC<SUB>70</SUB> group was prolonged, whereas, in the control and LC<SUB>20</SUB> groups it was nearly identical. Longevity was affected by sublethal exposure and increased from F<SUB>1</SUB>-F<SUB>3</SUB> in both groups. Gross and net reproductive rates were adversely affected in both exposure groups and these effects increased with increasing <I>B.t.i</I>. concentration. Generation time was affected by exposure to sublethal concentrations and decreased from generation to generation. Main daily fecundity did not differ significantly between treatment groups and the control group but was slightly higher in the latter. Significant differences (p&lt;0.05) between generations in terms of survival rate were found in the LC<SUB>20</SUB> group but not in the LC<SUB>70</SUB> group. Life parameters were affected adversely and this effect was more pronounced in lines exposed to higher concentrations. Lower concentration effects were not clear and parameters fluctuated between generations when compared to the control group.
ER  -