TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of the Performance Efficiency of Al-Najaf City Sewage Treatment Plant
AU - Khlif, Tagreed Hameed AU - Kizar, Fatima Mohsen 
JO  - Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
VL  - 14
IS  - 12
SP  - 3997
EP  - 4003
PY  - 2019
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1816-949x
DO  - jeasci.2019.3997.4003
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2019.3997.4003
KW  - Biological Oxygen Domain (BOD)
KW  -Wastewater
KW  -treatment
KW  -Najaf
KW  -BOD
KW  -Total Suspended Solid (TSS)
AB  - Trickling filters are one of the biological treatment methods used to treat the wastewater before being
discharged to the receiving water (rivers and drains) in order to keep water quality within specifications and
hence can be used for other purposes. This study considers the performance evaluation of the sewage 
treatment plant in Al-Najaf city. Laboratory tests were carried out on the influent and effluent wastewater of
the plant in 2014 and continued for 12 months (from Nov. 2014-2015). The determinants of environmental 
pollution of effluent wastewater that have been considered and evaluated comprise Biological Oxygen Domain
(BOD), Chemical Oxygen Domain (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Phosphate ion (PO<sub>4</sub>)<sup>-3</sup>, Sulphate ion 
(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sup>-2</sup>, Nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>)<sup>-3</sup>, Nitrite ion (No<sub>2</sub>)<sup>-3</sup> , Hydrogen ion (pH), Chloride ion (CL)<sup>-1</sup>, ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>), H<sub>2</sub>S, grease 
and oils. Removal percentages have been employed as the quantitative measure for evaluating the performance 
efficiency of the sewage treatment plant. Based on the analysis results it was found that the removal 
percentages of (BOD), (COD) and (TSS) are 72.26, 63.26 and 43.7%, respectively. Similarly, the values of PO<sub>4</sub>, 
SO<sub>4</sub>, CL and NH<sub>3</sub> are 19.1, 9.64, 13.72 and 35.73%, respectively whereas the percentages regarding H<sub>2</sub>S and 
grease and oils are 71.06, 28.05%. The results showed removal percentages with negative values for nitrate, 
nitrite and hydrogen ions that is the external concentrations were higher than internal ones due to the absence
of advanced treatment in the plant. According to the results, the plant performance efficiency is generally 
acceptable, however, most of the concentrations of the pollutants of effluent wastewater exceeded the
corresponding Iraqi standard specification due to the extra load resulted from internal and international visitors 
to Al-Najaf city in religious occasions.
ER  -