Marzban  Asghart, Hadi  Samaee, Pourmemari Mohamad  Hossein, Vahedian Azimi  Amir, 
    Neonatal Late-Onset Sepsis in a NICU: Analysis of Causative Organisms and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Ali Asghar Children Hospital from (2004/5-2007/5), Tehran, Iran,
    Research Journal of Biological Sciences,
    Volume 5,Issue 5,
    2010,
    Pages 376-379,
    ISSN 1815-8846,
    rjbsci.2010.376.379,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=rjbsci.2010.376.379)
    Abstract: Bacterial sepsis is one of the most common causes of significant mortality and morbidity in neonates. The researchers analyzed bacterial isolates and their antibiotic susceptibilities for cases of septicemia in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of a teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran. During a 36 months period, the incidence of bacteremia and the causing organisms and mortality of sepsis as well as antibiotic susceptibility were investigated. Neonatal Late-Onset Sepsis (LOS) was defined as clinical signs suggestive of infection with a positive Blood Culture (B/C) after 72 h of birth. About 909 neonates were admitted to the NICU. A total of 9.13% of neonates (83/909) had at least one positive B/C after 72 h of birth. The vast majority (56.6%) of sepsis were caused by Gram-negative organism. Gram-positive pathogens accounted for 41% infections. The most common cause of late-onset sepsis was <I>Klebsiela p. </I>(31%) and followed by <I>Staph aureus </I>(18.1%). In this study, the researchers have observed that the old empiric therapy with cephalothine plus Amikacin for suspected late-onset sepsis seems ineffective. Now, however may be the best choice regimen is the combination vancomycin plus amikacin and the vancomycin plus imipenem for the severe ill patients.
    Keywords: Late-onset sepsis;antibiogram;neonate;bacteremia;nosocomial;Iran