Ahmad Farhan  Hamzah, Mohd Haziman Wan  Ibrahim, Norwati  Jamaluddin, Ramadhansyah Putra  Jaya, Mohd Fadzil  Arshad, Norul Ernida Zainal  Abidin, Ernie Abd  Manan, Noor Azme  Omar, 
    Nomograph of Self-Compacting Concrete Mix Design Incorporating Coal Bottom Ash as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates,
    Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,
    Volume 11,Issue 7,
    2016,
    Pages 1671-1675,
    ISSN 1816-949x,
    jeasci.2016.1671.1675,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2016.1671.1675)
    Abstract: In this study, a waste mineral by-product produced from coal-fired power plant known as Coal Bottom Ash (CBA) is composed as admixture and used as a substitute materials to the fine aggregates in Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) with replacement ratio range from 0-30% by volume. A brief account of experimental investigations is presented based on the physical and mechanical properties were determined by consuming water cement ratios (W/C) of 0.35, 0.40 and 0.45. The data obtained shown are significant in relationship of CBA percentage between W/C ratios, compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength. The results were combined into a graph form to develop a primary mix design nomograph. It is shown that the developed nomograph is able to assist in designing mix proportion based on the essential parameter required.
    Keywords: Nomograph;self-compacting concrete;strength;rang;assist