Mustafa  K. Ismael, 
    Hybrid Chitosan-Silica Nanocomposite Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes,
    Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,
    Volume 13,Issue 15,
    2018,
    Pages 6293-6302,
    ISSN 1816-949x,
    jeasci.2018.6293.6302,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2018.6293.6302)
    Abstract: This study was conducted to produce Chitosan/MWNTs/SiO<sub>2</sub> (CSMS) nanocomposite powder from 
aqueous solution through the sol-gel method. The morphology of the CSMS was characterized by
Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Thermogravimetric Analysis
(TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The adsorption characteristics were determined by
Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms). The results were
compared with previously synthesized and characterized Silica Nanoparticles (SiO<sub>2</sub> NP). The results showed that 
CSMS has a 98% adsorption rate which was the largest absorption rate for chitosan by itself. Moreover, the
thermal stability of CSMS was demonstrated at temperatures up to 400&deg;C. The pore size of CSMS was
determined to be 2.195 nm and the surface area was 478 m<sup>2</sup>/g. This study&#146;s results indicate that CSMS has novel
features that could with stand degradation with efficient adsorption properties.
    Keywords: Adsorption;biocomposites;chitosan;nanosilica;nanotubes;nanocomposite