Mahmoud  Abed Hassan, M.  Abdulrazzaq, Mushtaq  Albdiry, 
    Evaluation of Mechanical Properties for Elastomeric Rubber/Steel
Laminates Used as Bridges Expansion Joints,
    Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,
    Volume 14,Issue 7,
    2019,
    Pages 2099-2102,
    ISSN 1816-949x,
    jeasci.2019.2099.2102,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2019.2099.2102)
    Abstract: In this study, the mechanical properties representing by tensile strength and elongation at break for
the as-received steel reinforced rubber expansion joints were measured. Shore A hardness test was also
measured. The tensile specimens were prepared according to ASTM D 4014. The results showed that steel plate
reinforced rubber plays a significant role in stopping the crack initiating that occurred due to the continuous
applied tensile load. The maximum tensile strength was reached of 16.73 MPa with a 456 % elongation at break
and a shore A hardness value of 61.5 that gives the joints a superior durability and the required displacements
of 330 mm in the bridge decks they are used to.
    Keywords: Rubber;expansion joints;tensile strength;bridges;properties;ASTM 4014