Izdehar M.  Jasim, 
    Detection of &beta;-Lactam Resistance PER-1 Gene in Multidrug Resistant Isolates of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Diyala City,
    Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,
    Volume 14,Issue 13,
    2019,
    Pages 4448-4452,
    ISSN 1816-949x,
    jeasci.2019.4448.4452,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2019.4448.4452)
    Abstract: The detection of &beta;-lactam-resistant<i> A. cinetobacter baumannii</i> in Diyala city and their resistance
genetic mechanisms was undertaken. We studied the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes, particularly the
PER-1 gene, among &beta;-lactam-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates from patients from patients suffering from urinary
tract infections in teaching Baquba hospital and Al-Betul hospital in Diyala city. From April to October (2015),
250 urine samples were collected. And the results of bacterial culture on media of MacConkey agar, blood agar
and biochemical tests and confirm the diagnosis using Api 20 E system and Vitek 2 compact system showed
that 8 isolates are belonging to bacteria of <i>Acinetobacte baumannii</i>. Fresh subculture samples were tested for
antimicrobial susceptibility against (11) antibiotics using disk diffusion method, the results revealed that all
isolates were variable resistance to ampicillin, aztreonam, ceftazidium, cefotaxime, cefepime, ciprofloxacin,
piperacillin, meropenem, nalidixic acid and amikacin (62.5, 50, 75, 75, 50, 50, 75, 37.5, 50 and 25%), respectively.
Whearase all isolates were sensitive to antibiotic imipenem. Total genomic DNA was extracted from each isolate
and further used for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The results of detection of &beta;-lactam resistance gene by
molcular technique PCR revealed that of these 8 isolates, 6 were found to harboring PER-1 gene.
    Keywords: PER-1 gene;multidrug resistant;Acinetobacter baumannii;antibiotics;technique;culture