Siti  Nur Liyana Mamauod, Nor  Atiqah Suhaimi, Rossuriati  Dol Hamid, Amirah  Amalina Ahmad Tarmizi, Siti  Salina Sarkawi, 
    Influence of Si-69 Treated Hybrid Carbon Black/Precipitated Calcium
Carbonate Filler on the Crosslink Density and Physico-Mechanical
Properties of NR/SBR Blends,
    Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,
    Volume 14,Issue 20,
    2019,
    Pages 7771-7777,
    ISSN 1816-949x,
    jeasci.2019.7771.7777,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2019.7771.7777)
    Abstract: Surface treament of Carbon Black (CB) and Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) was successfully
prepared and used as a reinforcement in Natural Rubber and Styrene Butadiene Rubber (NR/SBR) blends. The
effect of different concentration of tetra bis (3-(triethoxysilyl) propyl) tetrasulfide silane coupling agent (Si-69)
ranging from 2-10 wt.% on the CB/PCC surface was studied by calculating the crosslink density formed between
rubber and filler phases using Flory-Rehner equation. The data for Flory Rehner equation was obtained by
swelling measurement. And also, the physical and mechanical of Si-69 treated CB/PCC reinforced NR/SBR
blends was investigated. The amount of CB and PCC was set to be fixed. It was shown from the experimental
results that 6% of Si-69 solution was the optimum concentration which exhibited the highest crosslink density
developed between filler and rubber matrix phases as compared to the other treated and untreated samples. Up
to 6% of Si-69 concentration gave the plasticizing effect on the filler surface resulting in reduction of physical
and mechanical properties of NR/SBR blends. Apart from that the obtained results indicated that treated
CB/PCC filler at 6 wt.% Si-69 concentration exhibited better overall physical and mechanical properties due to
good filler-rubbermatrix interfacial bonding.
    Keywords: Silane coupling agent;physical and mechanical properties;crosslink density;filler-rubbermatrix;natural rubber and styrene butadiene rubber;Carbon Black (CB)