Muhammad  Amri Akbar, Soemarno  , Harsuko  Riniwati, Andi  Tamsil, 
    Assessing the Value of Groundwater Revenues and Determination of Optimum Rates in
Makassar City,
    Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,
    Volume 15,Issue 19,
    2020,
    Pages 3468-3474,
    ISSN 1816-949x,
    jeasci.2020.3468.3474,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2020.3468.3474)
    Abstract: Water is one of the natural elements that are
needed in the life activities of living things, especially,
humans. Water is used for drinking and household
purposes, water is also used in other aspects of life,
namely for agriculture, animal husbandry, plantation,
housing, industry, tourism and others. The purpose of this
study is to assessing the value of groundwater revenues
and determine of optimum rates in Makassar city. This
research was conducted with a quantitative descriptive
approach. The study was conducted in Makassar city in
2018. The type of data used is primary data obtained from
the results of filling out the questionnaire by respondents.
Respondents are people (groups) who use groundwater in
Makassar city. The number of respondents was 44
persons. Data analysis method used is the analysis of
groundwater value by referring to the Minister of
Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 20 of
2017 concerning guidelines for establishing
groundwater revenue value and the marginal cost
pricing method. The results showed that the average
revenue of groundwater in Makassar city was
IDR.690,276,939.35 with an average tax of
IDR.138,055,387.87. The value of groundwater is quite
high when compared to the revenue value of groundwater
that has been determined by the Makassar city
government at this time. The results of determining the
optimum rates obtained for the user group 1 is
IDR.9,661.96 m<sup>&#150;3</sup> per month, the user group 2 is
IDR.13,973.63 m<sup>&#150;3</sup> per month, the user group 3 is
IDR.10,866.67 m<sup>&#150;3</sup> per month and the user group 4 is
IDR.4,255.56 m<sup>&#150;3</sup> per month. Whereas the beneficiary
group 5 has a higher average groundwater utilization
cost when compared to the PDAM water rates.
    Keywords: Value of groundwater;optimum rates;Makassar city;compared;water rates