Huzaifa  A. Fidvi, Akash  M. Langde, 
    Dually Operated Control Cupola Furnace with Maintaining Constant Air Blast for Improving
Production Gain of Iron,
    Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,
    Volume 15,Issue 20,
    2020,
    Pages 3483-3496,
    ISSN 1816-949x,
    jeasci.2020.3483.3496,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2020.3483.3496)
    Abstract: Cupola furnace is the most commonly used for
the melting of ferrous metals and alloys. The key
challenge in this paper is variation of air blast which lead
to productivity loss and moreover affects the smallscale
industries. In order to overcome the above key challenge
our work has proposed a Dually Operated Control Cupola
Furnace which states that constant air blast can be
obtained by controlling manually as well as automatic.
Manual operation is obtained by maintaining constant
Motor-Torque-Speed-Ratio using inverter driven blower
along with space vector pulse width modulation.
Automatic operation inhabits a feedback control system
using nonlinear model predictive controller which is
operated on control valve driven blower. Automatic
operated cupola furnace obtains a prediction value for
obtaining the productivity gain based on number of
experimental observations and overall gives the required
constant air blast by considering blast volume, blast
temperature and oxygen enrichment. Thus, our model
enhances the system performance by achieving
productivity gain in terms of melting rate and super
heating temperature.
    Keywords: Bridge rectifier;inverter;vector space pulse width modulation;parameterized NMPC;microcontroller;oxygen and temperature sensor;control valve;pressure gauge