TY  - JOUR
T1  - Empirical Analysis of Intra vs. Inter-Subject Variability in
VR EEG-Based Emotion Modelling
AU - Suhaimi, N.S. AU - Teo, J. AU - Mountstephens, J. 
JO  - Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
VL  - 13
IS  - 8
SP  - 2137
EP  - 2144
PY  - 2018
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1816-949x
DO  - jeasci.2018.2137.2144
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=jeasci.2018.2137.2144
KW  - Neuroinformatics
KW  -emotion recognition
KW  -k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN)
KW  -Support Vector Machine (SVM)
KW  -Electroencephalography (EEG)
KW  -Virtual Reality (VR)
AB  - This study presents the classification of emotions on EEG signals using commercial BCI headsets
known as wearable EEG. One of the key issues in this research is the lack of mental classification using VR as
the medium to stimulate emotion. Moreover, we endeavor to present the first comprehensive and systematic
analysis of intra-versus inter-subject variability in EEG-based emotion classification using VR and wearable
EEG. The approach towards this research is by using K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Support Vector Machine
(SVM) as the machine learning classifiers. Firstly, each of the participants will be required to wear the EEG
headset to record their brain waves when they are immersed inside the VR environment. The data points are
then marked if they showed any physical signs of emotion or by observing the brain wave pattern. Secondly,
the data will then be tested and trained with KNN and SVM algorithms. We conduct subject-dependent as well
as subject-independent classifications in order to compare intra-against inter-subject variability, respectively
in VR EEG-based emotion modeling. The highest subject-dependent classification accuracy achieved was 97.9%
while the highest subject-independent classification accuracy obtained was 91.4% throughout the brain wave
spectrum (α, β, γ, δ, θ). These methods showed highly promising results and will be further enhanced using
other machine learning approaches such as deep learning in VR stimulus.
ER  -