Said Benaggoune  , Sebti Belkacem  , Rachid Abdessemed  , 
    Sensorless Direct Torque Control of PMSM Drive with EKF Estimation of Speed, Rotor Position and Load Torque Observer,
    Asian Journal of Information Technology,
    Volume 6,Issue 2,
    2007,
    Pages 236-242,
    ISSN 1682-3915,
    ajit.2007.236.242,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=ajit.2007.236.242)
    Abstract: This study presents the estimation of speed, rotor position and load torque of a robust sensorless Direct Torque Control (DTC) method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) based on the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The model of PMSM and its EKF models in MATLAB/Sirnulink simulation environment are developed. The proposed EKF speed position estimation method is also proved insensitive to the PMSM parameter variations. Simulation results demonstrate a good performance and robustness.
    Keywords: DTC;Extended Kalman Filter (EKF);Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM);control;sensorless;load torque observer