Bhupendra Verma  , Sanjeev Jain  , D.P. Agarwal  , 
    Spatial Domain Robust Blind Watermarking Scheme for Color Image,
    Asian Journal of Information Technology,
    Volume 6,Issue 4,
    2007,
    Pages 430-435,
    ISSN 1682-3915,
    ajit.2007.430.435,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=ajit.2007.430.435)
    Abstract: A new robust spatial domain blind digital image Watermarking technique for color Image is proposed in this study. The Watermark is embedded in the image in such a way that its perceptual quality is preserved. The blue channel of the color image is extracted first and Watermark is inserted in this channel and then red, blue and green channel are merged. For embedding the Watermark, host image is divided into 8×8 blocks and intensity of the selected pixels are modified. Blind Watermark extraction is performed by comparing the average intensity of subsets of pixels of 8×8 block. The proposed method has shown robustness to various image processing operations such as median filtering, low-pass filtering, lossy JEPG image compression and various geometrical attack such as rotation, scaling, cropping.
    Keywords: Blind digital watermarking;color image;copyright;spatial domain;robust watermarking