Tshimangadzo  M. Tshilongamulenzhe, Topside  E. Mathonsi, Deon  Du Plessis, Maredi  I. Mphahlele, 
    A Model to Improve Packet Transportation in Wireless Sensor Networks,
    Asian Journal of Information Technology,
    Volume 17,Issue 4,
    2018,
    Pages 271-280,
    ISSN 1682-3915,
    ajit.2018.271.280,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=ajit.2018.271.280)
    Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are existing technology consisting of spatially autonomous
devices using a large number of sensors to observe the environmental conditions and delivers sensed
information to the network user. WSNs, during 21st century, gained more popularity as compared to wired
network. The wireless technology used in this study consists of a collection of nodes organized into a
corporate network. These nodes contain chips with processing capability which can control multiple types of
functions within a network. Furthermore, these technologies are spatial displays that tend to be better clustered
than wired networks. They have much higher path length appearances with potential low cost solution to
variety of real world issues. However, this technology experiences congestions resulting in packet
loss, end-to-end delay, low throughput and poor Quality of Service (QoS) in a network. This study, proposes
Packet Bandwidth Scheduling (PBS) algorithm that lessen the packet collision, packet loss and end-to-end delay
while improving QoS in WSNs. The designed algorithm complies with IEEE 802.11 wireless standard. Network
Simulator-2 (NS-2) simulation result showed reduction in packet congestion, packet loss and end-to-end delay
when compared with History-Based Increment Backoff (HBIB) algorithm and Packet Scheduling Algorithm
(PSA).
    Keywords: Wireless sensor network;quality of services;gateways;PBS;PSA;HBIB