Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
Abstract
Breast lesions, whether benign or malignant, present frequent diagnostic conundrums in cytopathology. The importance of accurately differentiating these lesion types is paramount for guiding clinical decisions. This study seeks to elucidate the cytological markers that can be instrumental in such differentiation. To meticulously evaluate and determine the distinguishing cytological attributes in breast lesion aspirates and their utility in discerning benign from malignant growths. In this cross‐sectional research spanning a year, fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) samples from 200 breast lesions were methodically procured and examined. Features such as cellularity, nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio, chromatin configuration, presence of nucleoli, mitotic activity and other background elements were meticulously scrutinized. These observations were subsequently juxtaposed with histopathological verdicts, serving as the diagnostic gold standard, to ascertain their diagnostic precision. Of the 200 samples dissected, 115 (57.5%) were found benign, and 285 (142.5%) manifested malignant characteristics. Detailed analysis illuminated that certain cytological markers, like an elevated nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio (found in 40% of malignant samples) and erratic chromatin dispersion (found in 37.5% of malignant samples), were predominantly associated with malignancies. In contrast, benign entities predominantly displayed a cellular uniformity with smooth nuclear peripheries. The study reaffirms that specific cytological indicators can offer invaluable insights in the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions. Such insights are pivotal not only in diagnostic realms but also in preempting and sidestepping unwarranted clinical interventions.
How to cite this article:
Surendra Punjarao Kadam and Sunita Surendra Kadam. Evaluation of Cytological Features in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions: A Cross‐Sectional Study.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.36478/makrjms.2024.8.39.43
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.36478/makrjms.2024.8.39.43