Research Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: Online 1993-6095ISSN: Print 1815-9346
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Prevalence of Anterior Segment Changes in Chronic Kidney Disease in Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh
M. Suryachandra, Vinayak Ganesh Bhat, Rajkumar Patra, Bhoomika Rath and B. Naga Sri Rekha
Page: 284-288 | Received 10 Jan 2024, Published online: 25 Feb 2024
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an emerging worldwide health problem. Chronic kidney disease leads to many systemic effects that affect various systems in the body. The kidney and eye share striking structuraldevelopmental physiological and pathogenic pathways. CKD and major eye disorders like glaucoma, cataracts and Retinopathy are all linked to age and metabolic and systemic risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and smoking. CKD patients exhibit a broad spectrum of ocular findings. Lid oedema, conjunctival pallor and elevated serum lipids are significant visual anterior segment signs linked to CKD. Secondary hyperparathyroidism can cause calcification of the cornea and conjunctiva. This was a hospital‐based Observational study conducted between December 2019 and June 2021. The study was conducted on 100 CKD patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease attending the medical and ophthalmology departments and the dialysis centres in the government medical college, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh. A complete physical and ocular examination was done and results were tabulated. Data were statistically analysed using IBM SPSS software. Hypertension was found to be frequently involved in the pathogenesis of CKD, followed by diabetes and then both hypertension and diabetes. Our study included 100 patients; 98 had CKD and 2 were post‐transplant recipients. Anterior segment findings were reported in 74 percent of the 200 eyes studied (148 eyes). The most anterior segment abnormalities related to the CKD stage are seen in Stage 5 (37.8%), followed by Stage 4 (23%), Stage 3 (16.2%), Stage 1(12.2%), Stage 2 (9.45%) and post‐transplant patients (1.35 percent). Metabolic imbalances, oxidative stress, alterations due to hypertension and diabetes, as well as fluctuations in fluid and electrolyte levels are believed to underlie the anterior segment alterations observed in chronic kidney disease. Anterior segment disorders like cataracts, Conjunctival pallor, Lid Edema, Proptosis and Band‐shaped keratopathy are commonly seen in CKD patients. The frequency of occurrence rises as chronic kidney disease progresses, particularly in advanced stages such as stage 4 and stage 5. Early detection and monitoring of ocular manifestations are crucial in preserving visual function and improving patient outcomes.
How to cite this article:
M. Suryachandra, Vinayak Ganesh Bhat, Rajkumar Patra, Bhoomika Rath and B. Naga Sri Rekha. Prevalence of Anterior Segment Changes in Chronic Kidney Disease in Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/10.59218/makrjms.2024.4.284.288
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1815-9346/10.59218/makrjms.2024.4.284.288