International Journal of Tropical Medicine
ISSN: Online 1818-779XISSN: Print 1816-3319
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis significantly impacts patient’s quality of life, necessitating effective management strategies. Topical corticosteroids and antihistamines are commonly employed treatments, yet their comparative efficacy and safety remain subjects of ongoing research. Aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of topical corticosteroids and antihistamines in reducing symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis and to evaluate the safety profile and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) associated with each treatment modality. This randomized, controlled, double‐blind clinical trial involved 100 subjects diagnosed with allergic conjunctivitis, equally divided into corticosteroid and antihistamine treatment groups. Primary outcome measures included symptom reduction (itching, redness, and tearing), while secondary outcomes focused on safety (changes in intraocular pressure and visual acuity) and PROMs (impact on daily activities, sleep quality, and overall well‐being). Data were collected at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. The corticosteroid group exhibited marginally better symptom reduction compared to the antihistamine group, with mean differences in itching, redness and tearing being statistically significant. Corticosteroids were associated with a slight increase in intraocular pressure, whereas no significant changes in visual acuity were observed in either group. PROMs indicated that corticosteroid treatment slightly improved daily activities, sleep quality, and overall well‐being more than antihistamines. Topical corticosteroids may offer superior symptomatic relief in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis compared to antihistamines, with a modest impact on daily functioning and quality of life. However, the potential for corticosteroid‐induced intraocular pressure increase necessitates careful patient selection and monitoring. Antihistamines remain a safe and effective option for patients, particularly where corticosteroid use is contraindicated or closely monitored. Future research should explore long‐term outcomes and the cost‐effectiveness of these treatments to guide clinical decision‐making.
How to cite this article:
Kompalli Rohit Kumar, P. Sudhirbabu, P. Sai Rupa Sree and K. Gayathri. The Effectiveness of Topical Corticosteroids Versus Antihistamines in Treating Allergic Conjunctivitis.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/0.59218/makijtm.2024.1.167.171
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1816-3319/0.59218/makijtm.2024.1.167.171