Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
ISSN: Online 1818-7803ISSN: Print 1816-949x
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A Comparative Study of Type Design Engineering of the Characters “H” and “B” in Lotus and Adobe Arabic Font Based on Basic Design and Principles of Iranian Calligraphy
Mansoor Hesami Kermani, Faeze Tahery and Fahimeh Daneshgar
Page: 3890-3898 | Received 21 Sep 2022, Published online: 21 Sep 2022
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Abstract
Throughout the history of graphics, text as a visual communication tool has experienced many structural changes to keep pace with technology. When the printing press was invented, calligraphy made itself compatible with its technical requirements and was replaced by typing in the field of communications. In the present era with the advent of the computer, writing also needs to keep pace with new technology. In the current srudy such adaptation means creating geometry and more formal order in Persian writing characters in order to create a form more consistent with the performance of computers. Persian types, whether when they were used in printing machines or today in computers, lack a repeating geometric order in accordance with applicable tools (computers and printers), so that for example, repeating angles in most of the letters are variable and this irregular geometry in Persian writing causes chaos in the final product. To verify this issue, two kinds of typing, i.e., Lotus and Adobe Arabic are analyzed in the current study in terms of recurring angles in all of their characters. The reason for this choice is that both types have been designed based on the Badr typing yet the first one is more calligraphic and the second is more geometric and mostly bears the fundamental principles of the visual arts. Therefore, it could be said that they have two quite different aspects. The real question is: is it is possible to systematize main angles in Persian writing letters? And whether all or most of these angles are repeated in other letters? The study methodology was descriptive-analytic and its approach was Gestalt psychology with an emphasis on art theory and visual perception proposed by Rudolf Arnheim. The objective of this study were to review the necessity of the existence of recurring (i.e., repeating) angles in the series of the characters of two above mentioned typing and also finding the repetition of angles in the geometric order of typing and typing family. The results show that the existence of similarity in the angles in all letters of a typing can lead to the formation of a geometrical order in the form of characters and also creation of different characters in different typing kinds.
How to cite this article:
Mansoor Hesami Kermani, Faeze Tahery and Fahimeh Daneshgar. A Comparative Study of Type Design Engineering of the Characters “H” and “B” in Lotus and Adobe Arabic Font Based on Basic Design and Principles of Iranian Calligraphy.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36478/jeasci.2017.3890.3898
URL: https://www.makhillpublications.co/view-article/1816-949x/jeasci.2017.3890.3898